Zinc picolinate

This is the most bioavailable form of zinc, which is essential for the function of the immune system as it helps cells in the immune system grow and differentiate. It may also shorten the duration of cold symptoms.

Vitamin D

Vitamin D is essential for immune system function and health. It affects the activity and number of white blood cells. Vitamin D deficiency, which many people suffer from, can negatively affect immune function.

Vitamin K2

Studies have shown that vitamin K2 has anti-inflammatory effects. It also has antioxidant properties, thus protecting cellular membranes from damage. When K2 is taken in conjunction with Vitamin D, the benefits from both are increased, as they work together synergistically.

Vitamin C

Vitamin C is vital for immune health. It increases the production of white blood cells that fight off infections and may reduce the duration of cold symptoms.

Vitamin A

Beta carotene is converted into vitamin A, which is essential for a good immune system. It helps antibodies respond to foreign substances and toxins.

Vitamin E

Vitamin E is one of the most effective nutrients known to modulate immune function. Supplementing vitamin E has been shown to enhance the function of the immune system and reduce the risk of infection.

ICF Compound (Polyphenols, EGCG, Quercetin)

The ICF™ compound (Immunity Co-Factors) featured in our AM formula allows Zinc to work more effectively in order to provide better viral protection. It includes high strength Camellia Sinensis Polyphenols, EGCG Catechins & Quercetin in a specialist compound.

L. Acidophilus

Live cultures build up your gut health, thus supporting the immune system.

Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)

These prebiotics act as food for live cultures like L. Acidophilus, helping good bacteria grow in your gut.

Astragalus Root

Astragalus is a herb that has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries. It has many purported health benefits, including immune-boosting, anti-ageing and anti-inflammatory effects.

Ginger Root

Ginger has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds which can help reduce inflammation and nausea.

Liquorice Root

Liquorice contains many substances that can protect against viral infections, as they have antiviral, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities.

Reishi Mushroom

Medicinal mushrooms can have immune-enhancing properties. In particular, the Reishi mushroom contains molecules which can increase the activity of a type of white blood cell called natural killer cells which fight infections in the body.

Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA)

ALA is an extremely powerful antioxidant, and it protects your body’s cells against damage. It is a special compound in that it helps to recycle glutathione, the “master antioxidant” that is naturally produced by the body.

Piper Nigrum Extract (PNE)

PNE has been reported to have antioxidant, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory properties.

Vitamin B2

B vitamins aid in the conversion of food into energy. In addition, vitamin B2 has a key role in maintaining many aspects of your health. For instance, it has been shown to host resistance to bacterial infections.

Also included are essential minerals selenium, copper and manganese.

Nutritional Information

NRV = Nutrient Reference Value
* = equivalent weight

Zinc

Barrie, et al. Comparative absorption of zinc picolinate, zinc citrate and zinc gluconate in humans.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3630857

Dardenne. Zinc and immune function.
https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601479

Fraker, et al. The dynamic link between the integrity of the immune system and zinc status.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/130.5.1399S

Prasad. Zinc in human health: Effect of zinc on immune cells.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2277319

Read, et al. The role of zinc in antiviral immunity.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31305906

Rink. Zinc and the immune system.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665100000781

Vitamin D

Aranow. Vitamin D and the immune system.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/JIM.0b013e31821b8755

Baeke, et al. Vitamin D: modulator of the immune system.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coph.2010.04.001

Borges, et al. Current perspectives on vitamin D, immune system, and chronic diseases.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2010.07.022

Kamen, et al. Vitamin D and molecular actions on the immune system: modulation of innate and autoimmunity.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-010-0590-9

Vitamin K2

Hodges, et al. Anti-inflammatory actions of vitamin K.
https://doi.org/10.5772/63891

Myneni, et al. Immunomodulatory effect of vitamin K2: Implications for bone health.
https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.12759

Namazi, et al. Vitamin K and the immune system.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16073-9_4

Vitamin C

Carr, et al. Vitamin C and immune function.
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9111211

Hemilä. Vitamin C, respiratory infections and the immune system.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2003.09.004

Iqbal, et al. Biological significance of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in human health.
https://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2004.5.13

Wintergerts, et al. Immune-enhancing role of vitamin C and zinc and effect on clinical conditions.
https://doi.org/10.1159/000090495

Vitamin A

Mora, et al. Vitamin effects on the immune system: vitamins A and D take centre stage.
https://doi.org/10.1038/nri2378

Reifen. Vitamin A as an anti-inflammatory agent.
https://doi.org/10.1079/PNS2002172

Semba. Vitamin A, immunity, and infection.
https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/19.3.489

Vitamin E

Beharka, et al. Vitamin E status and immune function.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(97)82112-X

Meydani, et al. Vitamin E supplementation enhances cell-mediated immunity in healthy elderly subjects.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/52.3.557

Moriguchi, et al. Vitamin E and immunity.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0083-6729(00)59011-6

ICF™ Compound

Ferrara, et al. The distribution of minerals and flavonoids in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis).
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-827X(01)01104-1

Kuo, et al. Immunomodulatory effects of EGCG fraction of green tea extract in innate and adaptive immunity via T regulatory cells in murine model.
https://doi.org/10.3109/08923973.2014.953637

Li, et al. Quercetin, inflammation and immunity.
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8030167

Micek, et al. Quercetin and its anti-allergic immune response.
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21050623

Sharangi. Medicinal and therapeutic potentialities of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) – A review.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2009.01.007

Wu, et al. Green tea EGCG, T cells, and T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mam.2011.10.001

Zvetkova, et al. Aqueous extracts of Crinum latifolium (L.) and Camellia sinensis show immunomodulatory properties in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2009.01.007

Live Cultures & Prebiotics

Bodera, et al. Influence of prebiotics on the human immune system.
https://doi.org/10.2174/187221308784543656

Dugas, et al. Immunity and probiotics.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-5699(99)01448-6

Gill, at al. Probiotics, Immunomodulation, and Health Benefits.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-74087-4_17

Gourbeyre, et al. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics: impact on the gut immune system and allergic reactions.
https://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.1109753

Klaenhammer, et al. The impact of probiotics and prebiotics on the immune system.
https://doi.org/10.1038/nri3312

Perdigon, et al. Immune system stimulation by probiotics.
https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(95)76784-4

Schley, et al. The immune-enhancing effects of dietary fibres and prebiotics.
https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN/2002541

Astragalus

Block, et al. Immune system effects of echinacea, ginseng, and astragalus: A review.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1534735403256419

Sinclair. Chinese herbs: A clinical review of astragalus, ligusticum, and schizandrae.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9802911/

Liquorice

Barford, et al. Chalcones from Chinese liquorice inhibit proliferation of T cells and production of cytokines.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1567-5769(01)00202-8

Račková, et al. Mechanism of anti-inflammatory action of liquorice extract and glycyrrhizin.
https://doi.org/10.1080/14786410701371280

Reishi

Lakhanpal, et al. Medicinal and nutraceutical genetic resources of mushrooms.
https://doi.org/10.1079/PGR200581

Gao, et al. The Immunomodulating Effects of Ganoderma lucidum (Curt.: Fr.) P. Karst. (Ling Zhi, Reishi Mushroom) (Aphyllophoromycetideae).
https://doi.org/10.1615/IntJMedMushr.v4.i1.10

Alpha Lipoic Acid

Packer, et al. Alpha-lipoic acid as a biological antioxidant.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(95)00017-R

Petronilho, et al. Alpha-lipoic acid attenuates oxidative damage in organs after sepsis.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-015-0256-4

Piper Nigrum Extract

Jeena, et al. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties of black pepper essential oil (Piper nigrum Linn).
https://doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2013.831562

Vitamin B2

Mazur-Bialy, et al. Riboflavin deprivation inhibits macrophage viability and activity – a study on the RAW 264.7 cell line.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114512005351

FSC™ Compound

The FSC™ compound (Full Spectrum Curcumin) featured in our PM formula helps the body deal with inflammation. It includes Organic Turmeric, Pure Curcumin Extract (95%), and Black Pepper Extract: Piperine (95%) in a specialist compound.

Turmeric contains bioactive compounds with powerful medicinal properties. Curcumin, which is the main compound in turmeric, has powerful anti-inflammatory abilities. Black pepper is useful in conjunction with curcumin because it contains piperine, a natural substance that enhances the absorption of curcumin by 2,000%.

Iron

Iron is an essential mineral crucial for red blood cell formation and oxygen transport.

Vitamin B6

Vitamin B6 has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It plays a role in modulating your immunity and a deficiency in B6 can result in the decreased production of antibodies, which fight infections.

Vitamin B9

Vitamin B9 has a crucial effect on the immune response, so inadequate levels of this vitamin can have a dramatic effect on your immune system. Vitamin B9 is required for the survival of regulatory T cells, which play a central role in the immune system.

Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12 has an important role in the production of white blood cells, which are essential for the proper functioning of the immune system.

Choline Bitartrate

Adequate levels of choline are associated with a normal, healthy relationship between the immune system and the inflammatory response. Choline has also been shown to support normal liver function.

Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA)

ALA is an extremely powerful antioxidant, and it protects your body’s cells against damage. It is a special compound in that it helps to recycle glutathione, the “master antioxidant” that is naturally produced by the body.

Ashwagandha Root

Ashwagandha is an adaptogenic herb that has been shown to reduce inflammation. It increases the activity of immune cells that fight infection and help you stay healthy, whilst supporting a positive mood.

Bromelain (Enzyme)

Bromelain has many health-improving properties, such as its anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, fibrinolytic and immunomodulatory effects, in addition to being a wound healing and circulatory improvement agent.

Cinnamon Extract

Cinnamon is loaded with antioxidants and has anti-inflammatory properties, which helps your body fight infections and repair tissue damage.

Nutritional Information

NRV = Nutrient Reference Value
* = equivalent weight

FSC™ Compound

Antony, et al. Immunomodulatory activity of curcumin.
https://doi.org/10.3109/08820139909062263

Gautam, et al. Immunomodulation by curcumin.
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-0-387-46401-5_14

Jagetia, et al. “Spicing up” of the immune system by curcumin.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-006-9066-7

Jeena, et al. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties of black pepper essential oil (Piper nigrum Linn).
https://doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2013.831562

Kahkhaie, et al. Curcumin: a modulator of inflammatory signaling pathways in the immune system.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-019-00607-3

Kocaadam, et al. Curcumin, an active component of turmeric (Curcuma longa), and its effects on health.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2015.1077195

Rathaur, et al. Turmeric: the golden spice of life.
https://www.cabdirect.org/globalhealth/abstract/20123285419

Tilak, et al. Antioxidant availability of turmeric in relation to its medicinal and culinary uses.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1553

Vitamin B6

Chandra, et al. Regulation of immune responses by Vitamin B6.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb28073.x

Rail, et al. Vitamin B6 and immune competence.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.1993.tb03109.x

Ueland, et al. Inflammation, vitamin B6 and related pathways.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mam.2016.08.001

Vitamin B9

Hidehiko, et al. Vitamin-mediated immune regulation in the development of inflammatory diseases.
https://doi.org/10.2174/1871530315666150316122128

Reza, et al. The role of vitamin D3 and vitamin B9 (Folic acid) in immune system.
http://ijer.skums.ac.ir/article_15823.html

Vitamin B12

Calder, et al. The immune system: a target for functional foods?
https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN2002682

Maggini, et al. Selected vitamins and trace elements support immune function by strengthening epithelial barriers and cellular and humoral immune responses.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114507832971

Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA)

Packer, et al. Alpha-lipoic acid as a biological antioxidant.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(95)00017-R

Petronilho, et al. Alpha-lipoic acid attenuates oxidative damage in organs after sepsis.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-015-0256-4

Ashwagandha Root

Khan, et al. Molecular insight into the immune up-regulatory properties of the leaf extract of Ashwagandha and identification of Th1 immunostimulatory chemical entity.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.07.011

Yamadi, et al. A comparison of the immunostimulatory effects of the medicinal herbs Echinacea, Ashwagandha and Brahmi.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.05.017

Ziauddin, et al. Studies on the immunomodulatory effects of Ashwagandha.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(95)01318-0

Bromelain

Engwerda, et al. Bromelain modulates T Cell and B Cell immune responses in vitro and in vivo.
https://doi.org/10.1006/cimm.2001.1807

Hale, et al. Oral immunogenicity of the plant proteinase bromelain.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2006.08.007

Mauer. Bromelain: biochemistry, pharmacology and medical use.
https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00000936

Cinnamon Extract

Gruenwald, et al. Cinnamon and health.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10408390902773052